Condition of Hospitals in the Crimean War

During the Crimean War, the British had established hospitals at Scutari, the beautiful town which looks upon Constantinople from the Asian shore of the Bosphorus. But there were no ambulances to carry the wounded or invalid soldier from camp to port; there were no proper arrangements on board ship for his comfort; and, when he [...]

Battle of Balaklava

The Battle of Balaklava was a military encounter which took place on October 25, 1854, near the port of Balaklava, in the Crimea, during the Crimean War. It was fought between the Anglo-French-Turkish forces and the Russian Army, commanded by Pavel Liprandi. The Battle of Balaklava was part of the Allied attempt to take the [...]

Battle of Alma

The Battle of Alma was a military engagement between the Russian Army and the Anglo-French coalition forces, on September 20, 1854, near the River Alma, in the Crimea, during the Crimean War. Outnumbered, the Russian Army was defeated by the Allies, losing about 5,500 men in the battle. Commanded by Lord Raglan and Jacques St [...]

Unification of Germany

In Germany the result of the Franco-Prussian War was to give a great impulse towards the unification of all the German states under Prussian headship. The work which the Parliament of Frankfort had failed to carry out in the revolutionary period was easily accomplished at a time when Germans were fighting side by side for [...]

Polish Revolution and the Kingdom of Poland

In the firs half of the 19th century, the Kingdom of Poland was the third Polish kingdom which was created by the Congress of Vienna of 1815 after the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte. It had a constitution presented by Alexander I of Russia. However, the Kingdom of Poland was as artificial a creation as the [...]

Franco-Prussian War

The Franco-Prussian War was an armed confrontation between Prussia and France in the second half of the 19th century. It took place from July 1870 to May 1871, in France. Backed by the German Confederation, Prussia obtained the victory, which paved the way for the unification of the German states and Prussia, becoming an European [...]